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Report from the Danish working Group on the Co-existence of Genetically Modified Crops with Conventional and Organic Crops
DJF rapport Markbrug, nr. 94, 2003

Af Karl Tolstrup, Danish Institute of Agricultural Sciences et al.

This evaluation concerns co-existence of crops grown under Danish growing conditions. In other countries other measures may be necessary to ensure co-existence.
Co-existence of GM crops with conventional and organic crops will, require care during production and specific control measures which are additional to the requirements of good farming practice. In principal co-existence of many crops is possible at the stipulated or presupposed threshold values, when there are moderate levels of GM crops, by using the recommended control measures. However, a few outcrossing crops and/or crops with long seed persistence in the soil are exceptions to this rule. For the crops maize, beet, potatoes, barley, wheat, triticale, rye, oats, lupin, field beans and peas, the Working Group finds that co-existence can be ensured at the existing threshold values for foods and feed in the presence of a moderate GM production and with the recommended control measures. If the GM growing of these crops becomes more extensive, further measures and regulations such as greater segregation, may become necessary. In order to ensure a particularly low GM content below the detection limit (~ 0.1 %) in organic crops, which the Working Group has assumed is the threshold value for organic production, further measures, as suggested, will be necessary in these crops. For the crops oilseed rape, grasses and clover, which are cross-pollinated and/or have long seed survival in the soil, the Working Group estimates that co-existence will need more rigorous control measures as recommended in the report. The Working Group is presently unable to recommend control measures that may ensure co-existence at the stipulated or presupposed threshold values for the following crops and production scenarios: Seed production of hybrid oilseed rape. The cultivated area for oilseed rape hybrid seed production is less than 30 ha, corresponding to approx. 5 % of the oilseed rape seed growing area in 2002. Organic grass seed production with extensive use of GM grasses. Organic grass seed production is approx. 1,600 ha in 2002 or approx. 3 % of the grass seed area. Organic white clover seed production. The area is approx. 600 ha in 2002 or approx. 16 % of the white clover seed production. Conventional and organic clover/grass pastures. The area of grass-clover fields is approx. 223,000 ha in 2002, corresponding to approx. 8 % of the agricultural area. The measures suggested by the Group to ensure compliance with the requested threshold values are based on: The existing Danish regulations on certified seed production. Information contained in Danish and foreign reports, scientific publications, model analyses and case studies. The Working Group has analysed the importance of the extent of GM crops in oilseed rape, maize and potatoes in a relevant Danish case study. Under the given preconditions, the analysis shows that there is a limited need of adjustments in the crop rotation. There is, however, a considerable need for information exchange and dialogue with neighbours.


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